NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 3 Healthcare Disparities
University:
Capella University
NHS FPX 4000 Assessment 3 Healthcare Disparities
Paper Instructions
Create a 3-5 page annotated bibliography and summary based on your research related to best practices addressing a current health care problem or issue.
For this assessment, research best practices related to a current health care problem. Your selected problem or issue will be utilized again in Assessment 4. To explore your chosen topic, you should use the first two steps of the Socratic Problem-Solving Approach to aid your critical thinking.
Select one of the health care problems or issues presented in the Assessment 02 Supplement Applying Research Skills [PDF] Download Assessment 02 Supplement Applying Research Skills [PDF]resource. Write a brief overview of the selected health care problem or issue. In your overview:
- Summarize the health care problem or issue.
- Describe the professional relevance of this topic.
- Describe any professional experience you have with this topic.
- Identify peer-reviewed articles relevant to this health care issue or problem.
Conduct a search for scholarly or academic peer-reviewed literature related to the topic and describe the criteria you used to search for articles, including the names of the databases you used. You will select four current scholarly or academic peer-reviewed journal articles published during the past 3–5 years that relate to your topic.
Refer to the NHS-FPX4000 Developing a Health Care Perspective Library Guide to help you locate appropriate references.
Use keywords related to the health care problem or issue you are researching to select relevant articles.
- Assess the credibility and explain relevance of the information sources you find.
- Determine if the source is from an academic peer-reviewed journal.
- Determine if the publication is current.
- Determine if information in the academic peer-reviewed journal article is still relevant.
Analyze academic peer-reviewed journal articles using the annotated bibliography organizational format. Provide a rationale for inclusion of each selected article. The purpose of an annotated bibliography is to document a list of references along with key information about each one. The detail about the reference is the annotation. Developing this annotated bibliography will create a foundation of knowledge about the selected topic. In your annotated bibliography:
- Identify the purpose of the article.
- Summarize the information.
- Provide rationale for inclusion of each article.
- Include the conclusions and findings of the article.
- Write your annotated bibliography in a paragraph form. The annotated bibliography should be approximately 150 words (1–3 paragraphs) in length.
- List the full reference for the source in APA format (author, date, title, publisher, et cetera) and use APA format for the annotated bibliography.
- Make sure the references are listed in alphabetical order, are double-spaced, and use hanging indents.
Summarize what you have learned while developing an annotated bibliography.
- Summarize what you learned from your research in a separate paragraph or two at the end of the paper.
- List the main points you learned from your research.
- Summarize the main contributions of the sources you chose and how they enhanced your knowledge about the topic.
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Sample Answer
Healthcare disparities, known to be differences that exist in access to healthcare services and health outcomes, have been known for a long time to lead to unfair or unequal health experiences and outcomes for particular populations. The implication is that healthcare professionals such as nurses need to formulate appropriate and effective strategies that can be used to deal with such healthcare disparities. One such disparity is the inadequate access to necessary care services due to geographical location as some people are remotely located and would need several hours drive to access appropriate care (Cyr et al.,2019).
The professional relevance of this topic is that nursing interventions can be used to improve access to care for such patients. As part of my professional experience, there have been cases where patients fail to access the required care in time, which ends up endangering their lives and leading to poor health outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this assignment is to formulate an annotated bibliography of articles relevant to the identified issue.
Identification of Academic Peer-Review Journals
A comprehensive search was conducted across the Capella University library’s database. The main databases used were PubMed Central, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. Various keywords were used, including “ disparity in care access” and “solutions.” “Telehealth”. The results were then limited to peer-reviewed journals published in the last five years.
An Assessment of the Credibility and Relevance of the Sources
It is important to assess the credibility and relevance of the sources to be used in exploring the identified issue. Therefore, various strategies were used. For credibility, only articles published in the last five years were included. In addition, it was ensured that the authors are individuals who are knowledgeable in that particular area of knowledge. It was also important to check the relevance of the sources; therefore, the information contained in the articles was checked to ensure that they addressed the key area of inadequate access to healthcare due to geographical location.
The Annotated Bibliography
- Lum, H. D., Nearing, K., Pimentel, C. B., Levy, C. R., & Hung, W. W. (2020). Anywhere to anywhere use of telehealth to increase health care access for older, rural veterans. Public Policy & Aging Report, 30(1), 12–18. https //doi.org/10.1093/ppar/prz030
The article by Lum et al. (2020) focused on telehealth as a solution to poor access to health care. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to explore the telehealth approaches by the Veteran Health Administration that can be used to enhance geriatric care access for aging veterans and family caregivers living in rural areas. This research was informed by the fact that older individuals living in the rural areas usually exhibit more medical problems than those living in the urban areas. They also experience several chronic conditions. This article was included as part of the bibliography since it is a peer-reviewed source and offers various telehealth solutions used to increase healthcare access to those living in rural areas to reduce disparities.
The researchers discussed various telehealth solutions, such as remote patient monitoring, where simple technology is applied to monitor patients’ health data. The other aspect is the use of store-and-forward telehealth, entailing asynchronous approaches where patients record videos, sounds, and images and send them to health experts to make clinical decisions. The other telehealth modality is the use of clinical video telehealth, which entails synchronous real-time visits between healthcare professionals and patients through communication links.
- Myers, C. R. (2019). Using telehealth to remediate rural mental health and healthcare disparities. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 40(3), 233–239. https //doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2018.1499157
The article by Myers (2019) is another source that addresses how telehealth can be used to solve rural mental health and healthcare disparities. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to explore the use of telehealth to reduce healthcare access disparities among individuals with mental health concerns in rural areas. The researchers indicated that the telehealth approach is a viable option that can be used to address the mental healthcare needs of individuals in rural areas as it supports more effective management and offers expanded access to healthcare services. This article was included since it discusses telehealth as a viable option for remediating rural mental health and healthcare disparities in terms of access.
It is also a peer-reviewed journal, hence provides credible information. As part of the findings, the researchers indicate that the use of telehealth helps address the healthcare disparities related to healthcare access in various such as enhancing chronic disease management. The researcher also formulated policy recommendations that can be used to increase telehealth use, including training and education of the primary and mental healthcare providers, changes in workforces and licensure, privacy and security, and reimbursement and coverage.
- Adams, S. V., Mader, M. J., Bollinger, M. J., Wong, E. S., Hudson, T. J., & Littman, A. J. (2019). Utilization of interactive clinical video telemedicine by rural and urban veterans in the Veterans Health Administration health care system. The Journal of Rural Health, 35(3), 308–318. https //doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12343
The article authored by Adams et al. (2019) focused on the use of interactive clinical video as a form of telehealth by rural and urban veterans. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to describe how the use of telehealth among veterans has grown. This article has been included since it offers insight into how telehealth has been used to reduce the healthcare disparities related to healthcare access among veterans. The analysis of the data showed important results which support the use of telehealth in alleviating healthcare disparities.
The findings showed that the use of telehealth appropriately grew by over 300%, especially among rural veterans. The results also showed that various factors enhanced the use of telehealth, such as being in rural age, younger age, one or more comorbidities, and the need to drive for longer distances to access care.
- Hawley, C. E., Genovese, N., Owsiany, M. T., Triantafylidis, L. K., Moo, L. R., Linsky, A. M., … & Paik, J. M. (2020). Rapid integration of home telehealth visits amidst COVID‐19 What do older adults need to succeed? Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 68(11), 2431–2439. https //doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16845
The article by Hawley et al. (2020) focused on integrating home telehealth visits for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to identify and address various barriers to integrating home telehealth visits. The researcher predicted that addressing such barriers can be key to increasing telehealth use and reducing disparities related to healthcare access.
During the research, the researcher categorized the subjects into different groups, such as those uninterested and incapable, uninterested and capable, interested and incapable, and interested and capable. This article was included since it explores barriers to telehealth use and strategies for overcoming them. The use of telehealth saved the participants close to three hours of traveling time they could have used to access care.
Summary
Appropriate information regarding the use of telehealth to reduce disparities related to healthcare access was obtained from scholarly peer-reviewed journals. Therefore, this activity played a role in enhancing my knowledge regarding the importance of telehealth in reducing access to healthcare. One of the aspects I have learned is that it enhances chronic disease management (Meyer, 2019). Coming up with this bibliography also enables me to create a repository of scholarly sources covering various aspects of the use of telehealth to reduce the healthcare access disparity. As such, it will be easier to analyze this issue further and more effectively.
References
- Adams, S. V., Mader, M. J., Bollinger, M. J., Wong, E. S., Hudson, T. J., & Littman, A. J. (2019). Utilization of interactive clinical video telemedicine by rural and urban veterans in the Veterans Health Administration health care system. The Journal of Rural Health, 35(3), 308–318. https //doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12343
- Cyr, M. E., Etchin, A. G., Guthrie, B. J., & Benneyan, J. C. (2019). Access to specialty healthcare in urban versus rural US populations a systematic literature review. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 1-17.. 10.1186/s12913-019-4815-5
- Hawley, C. E., Genovese, N., Owsiany, M. T., Triantafylidis, L. K., Moo, L. R., Linsky, A. M., … & Paik, J. M. (2020). Rapid integration of home telehealth visits amidst COVID‐19 What do older adults need to succeed?. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 68(11), 2431-2439.https //doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16845
- Lum, H. D., Nearing, K., Pimentel, C. B., Levy, C. R., & Hung, W. W. (2020). Anywhere to anywhere use of telehealth to increase health care access for older, rural veterans. Public Policy & Aging Report, 30(1), 12-18. https //doi.org/10.1093/ppar/prz030
- Myers, C. R. (2019). Using telehealth to remediate rural mental health and healthcare disparities. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 40(3), 233-239. https //doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2018.1499157
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