Female Genitourinary and Musculoskeletal Case 3
University:
St. Thomas University
Female Genitourinary and Musculoskeletal Case 3
Paper Instructions
For this Discussion, you will take on the role of a clinician who is building a health history for one of the following cases. Your instructor will assign you your case number.
- Case 1
- Case 2
- Case 3
Chief Complaint
(CC) “I have a tumor on my left breast” “I have pain during intercourse and urination” “My back hurts so bad I can barely walk”
History of Present Illness (HPI)
A 55-year-old African American social worker presents to your clinic with a finding of a lump in her left breast while in the shower this past week. A 19-year-old female reports to you that she has “sores” on and in her vagina for the last three months. A 35-year-old male painter presents to your clinic with the complaint of low back pain. He recalls lifting a 5-gallon paint can and felt an immediate pull in the lower right side of his back. This happened 2 days ago and he had the weekend to rest, but after taking Motrin and using heat, he has not seen any improvement. His pain is sharp, stabbing, and he scored it as a 9 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Drug Hx
I took birth control pills for 10 years, starting when I was 20 I am not on hormone replacement She tries to practice safe sex but has a steady boyfriend and figures she doesn’t need to be so careful since she is on the birth control pill Motrin for pain.
Family Hx
- My grandmother had breast cancer when she was 76 years old
- Father has hypertension
- Mother has DM
Subjective
Denies any fever or chills. No changes in vision or hearing, no difficulty chewing or swallowing. Supple neck, states that she does self-breast-exams on occasion. Menopause at 52
No skin changes or nipple discharge from the left breast states “I have sores and bumps on the inner creases of my thighs and pelvic area”. “There is yellowish discharge from the sores that comes and goes” He is having some right leg pain but no bowel or bladder changes. No numbness or tingling
Objective Data
VS temperature 98.6°F; respiratory rate (RR) 16; heart rate (HR) 80, regular; blood pressure (BP) 130/84; height 5′8″; weight 160 lbs; body mass index (BMI) 24 temperature 100.2°F; pulse 92; respirations 18; BP 122/78; weight 156 lbs, 25 lbs overweight; height 5′3″ temperature 98.2°F, respiratory rate 16, heart rate 90, blood pressure 120/60, O2 saturation 98%
General well developed, nourished, healthy-appearing female patient appears to have good hygiene; minimal makeup, pierced ears, no tattoos; well nourished (slightly overweight); no obvious distress noted well-developed healthy 35-year-old male; no gross deformities
HEENT Atraumatic, normocephalic, PERRLA, EOMI, conjunctiva and sclera clear, nares patent, nasopharynx clear, edentulous. Atraumatic, normocephalic,
PERRLA, EOMI, conjunctiva and sclera clear; nares patent, nasopharynx clear, good dentition. Piercing in her right nostril and lower lip. Atraumatic, normocephalic, PERRLA, EOMI, sclera with mild icterus, nares patent, nasopharynx clear, poor dentition – multiple carries.
Lungs clear to auscultation within normal limits, appropriate lung sounds auscultated, clear and equal bilaterally CTA AP&L
Card regular rate and rhythm (RRR) S1S2 without rub or gallop S1S2 without rub or gallop
Breast Examined in sitting and supine positions. In sitting position, no evidence of skin changes, right breast is slightly larger than the left, symmetrical movement with the arms above the head and at the side and with flexion of the pectoral muscles; 5-mm nonmobile, non-tender, firm mass felt at 10 o’clock position, 5 cm from the areola. Right breast without dominant masses or tenderness. Nipples without inversion or evidence of nipple discharge. Breast mass is palpated in the supine position in the same manner as in the sitting position
- INSPECTION no dimpling or abnormalities noted upon inspection
- PALPATION Left breast no abnormalities noted. Right breast denies tenderness, pain, no abnormalities noted.
- INSPECTION no dimpling or abnormalities noted upon inspection
- PALPATION Left breast – no abnormalities noted. Right breast – denies tenderness, pain, no abnormalities noted.
Lymph negative axillary, infraclavicular, and supraclavicular lymphadenopathy Inguinal Lymph nodes tenderness bilaterally, numerous, 1 cm in size no bruising, fever, or swelling noted, no acute bleeding or trauma to skin.
Abd normoactive bowel sounds x 4; tender during palpation; the left lower quadrant was very tender during palpation; patient denies nausea or vomiting benign, normoactive bowel sounds x 4; Hepatomegaly 2cm below the costal margin.
GU Bladder is non-distended. labia major and minor numerous ulcerations, too many to count; some ulcerations enter the vaginal introitus; no ulcerations in the vagina mucosa; cervix is clear, some greenish discharge; bimanual exam reveals tenderness in left lower quadrant; able to palpate the left ovary; unable to palpate the right ovary; no tenderness; uterus is normal in size, slight tenderness with cervical mobility Bladder is non-distended.
Integument good skin turgor noted, moist mucous membranes intact without lesions masses or rashes.
MS Muscles are smooth, firm, symmetrical. Full ROM. No pain or tenderness on palpation. Muscles are smooth, firm, symmetrical. Full ROM. No pain or tenderness on palpation. No obvious deformities, masses, or discoloration. Palpable pain noted at the right lower lumbar region. No palpable spasms.
ROM limited to forward bending 10 inches from floor; able to bend side to side but had difficulty twisting and going into extension.
Neuro No obvious deformities, CN grossly intact II-XII No obvious deficits and CN grossly intact II-XII DTRs 2+ lower sensory neurology intact to light touch and patient able to toe and heel walk. Gait was stable and no limping noted.
Once you received your case number, answer the following questions:
- What other subjective data would you obtain?
- What other objective findings would you look for?
- What diagnostic exams do you want to order?
- Name 3 differential diagnoses based on this patient presenting symptoms?
- Give rationales for your each differential diagnosis.
What teachings will you provide?
Submission Instructions
Must use Case 3
Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.
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Sample Answer
Case 3
The other subjective data I would obtain are on whether the patient had experienced similar pain previously and if he is allergic to any drug or food. Previous episodes of similar conditions increase the likelihood of recurrence if the primary problem is not addressed (Da Silva et al., 2019). Food and drug allergy history determines the treatment that the patient can get. When describing the pain, I would probe whether it radiated to any other parts of the body and if it is associated with other symptoms such as inability to bear weight and joint stiffness.
I would also find out if there was any reported relief after physical exercise or rest and rule out a prior history of trauma to the lower back. A family history of similar complaints should also be ruled out. Additional objective findings I would look for include extension of the leg to see if the sciatic nerve is involved. Diagnostic exams I would want to order include thoracolumbar radiographs, CT, or MRI. Laboratory investigations such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive Proteins would also be valuable in the assessment of this patient (Zhu et al., 2019).
The differential diagnoses of this patient include lumbar stenosis, spondylitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Lumbar stenosis is a disorder that causes compression of the spinal cord and the nerves resulting in chronic back pain a complaint that the patient presented with. Spondylitis on the other hand an inflammatory disease often associated with low back pains that usually radiate to the leg (Kruse & Thoreson, 2021). The patient has lower back pain and right leg pain. The lifting of the 5-gallon paint may have exacerbated the condition. Rheumatoid arthritis can also result in back ache that is normally progressive and most patients complain of morning stiffness (Corr, 2021). Rheumatoid arthritis is also common in patients aged 35- 45 years.
Patient education has been known to improve patient outcomes and satisfaction. The teachings I will provide will enlighten the patient on the possible cause of the back aches and the prognosis. I will also educate him on the possible treatment modalities which will entail both conventional and complementary and alternative medicines. Depending on the severity of the symptoms, the patient can be advised to avoid a sedentary lifestyle and engage in physical exercises that he can tolerate, use appropriate analgesics, or go for spinal surgery (Zhu et al., 2019).
If it is spondylitis then I would advise the patient to change to other stronger NSAIDs such as naproxen since Motrin is ineffective. I would also discourage heavy lifting since it can worsen the symptoms thus causing more harm. I would advise the patient on physiotherapy, medication, and surgery that can assist him in the case of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthrocentesis and arthroplasty are some of the considerations in addition to anti-rheumatic drug therapy (Corr, 2021). Alternatives and complementary treatment modalities such as yoga and deep massage can also be discussed.
References
- Corr, M. (2021). Pain in Rheumatic Diseases. Rheumatic Disease Clinics, 47(2), xiii-xv. https //doi.org/10.1016/j.rdc.2021.02.001
- da Silva, T., Mills, K., Brown, B. T., Pocovi, N., de Campos, T., Maher, C., & Hancock, M. J. (2019). Recurrence of low back pain is common a prospective inception cohort study. Journal of physiotherapy, 65(3), 159-165.https //doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2019.04.010
- Kruse, M., & Thoreson, O. (2021). The prevalence of diagnosed specific back pain in primary health care in Region Västra Götaland a register study of 1.7 million inhabitants. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 22, e37.
- Zhu, W., He, X., Cheng, K., Zhang, L., Chen, D., Wang, X., & Weng, X. (2019). Ankylosing spondylitis etiology, pathogenesis, and treatments. Bone research, 7(1), 22. https //www.nature.com/articles/s41413-019-0057-8.pdf
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